Status and challenges of multi-junction solar cell technology

The ongoing energy transition to curb carbon dioxide emissions and meet the increasing demands have enhanced need for integration of renewable into existing electricity system. Solar has been gaining an market share over past decade. Multi-junction solar cells (MJSCs) enable efficient conversion sunlight without being bound by 33% limit as in commercialized single junction silicon cells. III-V semiconductors used effectively space applications concentrated photovoltaics (CPV) few decades. This review discusses working components MJSCs at cell level well module CPV. fabrication procedure, material acquirement is analyzed before introducing current challenges preventing from achieving widespread commercialization research direction future where these can be addressed.